.. Both parts 1 and 2 of the History of Popular Music are the roads which prevented the specific objectives of the subject for both Common & Certificate courses from loosing breadth of focus.
There was just as strong a balance of listening, analysis and practical musicianship in all areas of this study as was delivered in that of academic music.
• American trends in the late 19th & early 20th centuries: .. Similarity between American popular music and the light romantic music of Western Europe. As the early settlers were mostly European and still considered themselves English, French, German, Austrian or whatever, they tended to look to the old countries for the latest in song and dance. .. Stephen Foster – his influence and contribution. .... • American trends (contd.) .. John Philip Sousa – his contribution. .. • American trends (contd.) .. Tin Pan Alley – the music marketing machine. .. Scott Joplin – his contribution. .. The Pianola – music for all in the home. .. • American trends (contd.) .. Ragtime – its rise, influence, brief reign and wane. .. World War 1 – erosion of the popularity of European-style music because of the German enemy giving a spur to the development of a home-spun American variety . .. • The Anatomy of Jazz .. African drum rhythms Negro work song (the root of The Blues) Negro Spiritual .. • Instrumentation of Jazz .. Derived from the Marching Band:- trumpet, clarinet, trombone, piano bass and drums. Music could be considered as 'generally comtrapuntal'. .. • Storeyville to Chicago .. New Orleans as the focal point Closure of Storyville in 1917 Early record production in 1917 .. New Orleans musicians: Buddy Bolden, Bunk Johnston, King Joe Oliver, Louis Armstrong, King Freddie Keppard, Original Dixieland Jazz Band. Blues Singers: e.g. Blind Lemon Jefferson. .. • Chicago .. ‘capital city’ of Jazz in the period following World War 1 .. • Chicago to Harlem
Chicago (black) King Oliver, Louis’ Hot Five, New Orleans Rhythm Kings, Johnny Dodds Kid Orry
Chicago (white) Muggsy Spanier, Mezz Mezzrow, Bix Beiderbeck, The Wolverines
Harlem (black) 'Jelly-Roll' Morton, James P. Johnson, 'Fats' Waller, Willie 'The Lion’ Smith, Earl ‘Fatha’ Hines (all pianists)
Blues singers Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith
New York (white) Red Nichols & The Five Pennies, Dorsey Brothers, Ben Pollock
• The Swing Era ... Early 1930’s Depression detrimental to the Jazz scene 1935 – appearance of Swing Two separate backgrounds: a) black (e.g. Ellington, Basie) b) white (e.g. Goodman, Shaw) .. • Giants of Swing (1930s and 1940s) .. Fletcher Henderson, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Benny Goodman, Dorsey Brothers, Harry James, Artie Shaw, Charlie Barnet, Woody Herman, Glen Miller, Stan Kenton. .. Top Sidemen
Clarinet Sidney Bechet (+ Soprano), Pee Wee Russel, Jimmy Guiffre, Woody Herman
Alto Benny Carter, Johnny Hodges, Marshall Royal, Boots Mussuli, Charlie Parker
Tenor Bud Freeman, Ben Webster, Coleman Hawkins, Lester Young, Eddie ‘Lockjaw’ Davis, Vido Musso, Zoot Sims, Stan Getz, John Coltrane
Baritone Harry Carnie, Edgar Samson, Gerry Mulligan
Trumpet..Bunny Berrigan, Charlie Shavers, 'Cat' Anderson, 'Dizzy' Gillespie, Ziggy Elman, 'Wingy' Manone, Cootie Williams, 'Hot Lips' Page, 'Shorty' Rogers, Clark Terry, Roy Eldridge, Al Aarons, Maynard Ferguson, Conti Condoli, Chico Alvarez
Trombone Jack Teagarden, Harlem Floyd, Brad Gowans, Al Grey, Ray Conniff, Juan Tizol, Kai Winding
Piano Mary Lou Williams, Jess Stacey, John Guarnier, Thad Jones, Joe Bushkin, Pete Johnson
Xylophone 'Red' Norvo ll Vibraphone Lionel Hampton
Organ 'Wild' Bill Davidson
Guitar Eddie Condon, Irving Fayola, Charlie Christian (Electric in 1939), Django Reinhart (French)
Bass Morty Cobb, Harry Goodman, Eddie Safranski
Drums Ben Pollock, Gene Krupa, Chic Webb, Buddy Rich, Sam Woodyard, Eddie Shaughnessy, Shelly Mann
Vocals Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan . • The Ballroom Cult commenced c. 1940 .. World War 2 – its influences .. The ‘sweet’ sounds – e.g. Glen Millar, Ray Anthony. .. • Featured Singers .. Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Nat ‘King’ Cole, Frankie Laine, Eddie Fisher, Billy Eckstein, Guy Mitchell, Johnny Ray, Perry Como, Dean Martin, Al Martino,Tenessie Ernie Ford, Don Cherry. .. Joe Stafford, Sarah Vaughan, Doris Day, Rosemary Cloonie, Kay Starr,Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, Peggy Lee, Fran Warren. .. The Four Aces, The Four Freshmen, The Hi-Los. .. • Latin-American Influences .. a) on vocal styles (e.g. Carmen Miranda, Vicky Carr) .. b) on instrumental styles (e.g. via Xavier Cougat & Perez Prado to Stan kenton et al.) .. • Progressive to Modern Jazz .. The Outcome of 1940’s “Be Bop” .. Stan Kenton and Charlie Barnet Big Bands Buddy de Franco (clar) Charlie Parker (alto) Lester Young (tenor) Zoot Simms (tenor) Stan Getz (tenor) Roy Eldridge (trumpet) Dizzy Gillespie (trumpet) Miles Davis (trumpet) Urbie Green (trombone) .. Pianists: Art Tatum, Errol Garner, Red Garland, Thelonius Monk, Oscar Peterson .. The ‘Cool’ School .. Dave Brubeck (piano) Paul Desmond (alto) Lee Konitz (alto) Berg Larsen (baritone) .. • Britain at the Terminal Phase of The Big Band and start of “The Charts” .. Ted Heath Orchestra with vocalists - Dickie Valentine, Dennis Lotus, Lita Rosa and Bobby Britton Eric Delaney Big Band Johnny Dankworth Big Band with vocalist Cleo Laine Kenny Baker BBC Northern Dance Orchestra Basil & Ivor Kirchin Humphrey Lyttelton Chris Barber Jazz Band Sid Philips Jazz Band Ken Mackintosh and his Orchestra Joe Loss and his Orchestra Ronnie Scott Big Band Carl Barriteau Big Band Frank Weir & his Orchestra .. • Sidemen .. Check the web under the above bands (many ‘great’ musicians) ... British Ballad Singers: .. David Whitfield, Robert Earl, Malcolm Vaughan, Jimmy Young Ronnie Hilton, Frankie Vaughan .. Ruby Murray, Eve Boswell, Alma Cogan, Petula Clark ... The Stargazers, The Beverley Sisters ... ... • The Broadway Musical
1920's: No No Nanette, Show Boat, Bitter Sweet, Blossom Time, Desert Song, The New Moon, Funny Face, Rio Rita 1930's: Anything Goes, Bitter Sweet, Babes in Arms, Roberta, Wizard of Oz, I Marries an Angel, Gay Divorcée 1940's: Oklahoma!, Carousel, South Pacific, Annie Get Your Gun, Finian's Rainbow, 1950's: My Fair Lady, The Boy Friend, West Side Story, Gypsy, Guys and Dolls .. The Sound of Music, Kiss Me Kate,The King and I (e.g.: 1943 – ‘Oklahoma’ had the five best selling songs in that year) .. 1960s (The Film Musical) ... The Student Prince Kismet West Side Story The Vagabond King Seven Brides for Seven Brothers That Midnight Kiss Blue Hawaii Can-Can Flower Drum Song Mary Poppins My Fair Lady West Side Story Sweet Charity The Sound of Music ... Featured Singers: .. Kathryn Grayson Ann Blyth Jeanette McDonald Nelson Eddie Gordon Macrae Howard Keel Mario Lanza ... Vic Damone Oreste Kirkope Julie Andrews Elvis Presley
embedded track: Concerto to End All Concertos (Stan Kenton)
Here we find the Kenton Orchestra demonstrating Kenton as composer, arranger and performer. After the Kenton introduction of the theme on piano, we have solos by: Vido Musso on a very warm evocative tenor; Chico Alvarez (trumpet) emitting suitable 'screamers'; Boots Mussulli's rapidly facile alto.
Following Kai Winding on trombone we have featured a most eloquent choir of trombones then a delicately fluidic sax section. The bass solo is by Eddie Safranski backed by a haunting, muted trumpet section.
Ending by Shelly Mann (drums) leading out the Kenton Outfit in full cry!
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