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HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF POPULAR MUSIC
 IN THE 20th CENTURY - Part 2 (1955 to 1975)

Here we are concerned with the evolution of styles caused by the progressive
cross-fertilisation of influences causing definitive styles to emerge and
stand as monoliths of worth on the musical scene.  These can still have
their following, e.g. in the albums charts where in demand may still
be "The Runes Album" by Led Zeppelin.  What we are not
concerned with are transient stars and numbers which
have their day in the commercial charts and
eventually go to perdition.

Embedded Track:  AC/DC's "Highway to Hell"

Establishing Rock 'n' Roll
..
The formula:
.....The fusion of Country & Western + Rhythm & Blues
  ,,,ergo C&W + R&B = R'n'R
Early artists:
.....Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Little Richard,
.....Fats Domino, Everley Brothers
........
                    
Early Rock in the U.K. (1956)
     ...
Introduction of the 45 rpm record
      ...
Early stars:
.....Tommy Steele, Vince Eager, Billy Fury,
.....Marty Wilde, Adam Faith, Cliff Richard,
.....Don Lang, The Mudlarks, Emile Ford.
     Jim Dale
       ..
The 6.5 Special TV pop show
     
                    ..
Commercial Scene U.K. (mid/late 50s)
        ..
Rock..: Cliff Richards
Trad...: Chris Barber Band
Ballad : Frankie Vaughan
Skiffle : Lonnie Donegan
   ..
 .....
Commercial Scene (early 1960s)
     ..
     Britain,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, America
     ..
     Shirley Bassey.....................Connie Francis
     Cilla Black..........................Dionne Warwick
     Helen Shapiro.....................The Supremes
     Petula Clark
     Susan Maughan
         ..
Popular Folk Song Movement USA
      ..
     Hank Snow
     Bob Dylan
     The Weavers
     Peter, Paul & Mary
     Joan Baez
     The Kingston Trio
      ..
British Supremacy
.....
     The Beatles (1963)
     The Rolling Stones
     New Trends in Rock (e.g. Atomic Rooster)
       ....
Rock and Spirituality
         ..
Eastern Influences
     ,,,,,
.....Indian Raga
.....Ravi Shankar
.....Annapurna Devi
.....Gandalf's Garden Tea Shop, London
.....Maharishi Mahesh
.....The Hippie Movement
          ........
Rock and Morality
         .     .... 
Hippie Movement
Drug Taking
Psychedelic Rock
    ....
.....Gefferson Starship
.....The Grateful Dead
.....Scott McKenzie (If you're goin' to San Francisco)
    ....
Soul
     ...
Blues based:
     .....
.....B.B. King
.....Ray Charles
.....James Brown
,,,,,Otis Redding
.....Booker T.
       .
Gospel Based:
     ....
.....Aretha Franklin
.....Smokey Robinson
.....Marvelettes
.....Martha Reeves

Motown (Detroit Sound)
.....
.....Mary Wells
.....The Vandellas
.....Stevie Wonder
.....
The Motown Story
         ....
     Dianna Ross
     The Supremes
     Smokey Robinson
     The Miracles
     Enchantment
     Herbie Hancock
     The Isley Brothers
     Marvin Gaye
     Martha Reeves
     Hareem
     The Four Tops
     Jacksson Five
     Michael Jackson
 

American Stars of the 1950s
..........
Bill Haley (Jan. '55)
Pat Boone
Crew Cuts
Dream Weavers
Elvis Presley
Fats Domino
Hilltoppers
Frankie Lymon
Little Richard
Gene Vincent
Platters
Tab Hunter
Charlie Gracie
The Diamonds
Everley Brothers
Chuck Berry
Terry Dene
Paul Anka
The Crickets
Jerry Lee Lewis
Buddy Holly
Marvin Rainwater
Danny & The Juniors
Connie Francis
The Chordettes
The Four Preps
Conway Twitty
Eddie Cochrane
Big Bopper
B.B. King
Johnny Cash
The Drifters
.............
American Stars of the 1960s
.......
Neil Sedaka
Bobby Darin
Bobby Rydel
Jim Reeves
Gene Vincent 
Roy Orbiston
Ricky Valance
Lyn Cornell
Johnny Mathis
Bobby Vee
Eddie Cochrane
Chubby Checker
The Springfields
Gene Pitney
Beach Boys (surf rock)
The Supremes
Rockin' Berries
Georgie Fame
Dionne Warwick
Jimmy Hendrix
John Denver
Argent
King Crimson
Fairport Convention
Fleetwood Mac
Jethro Tull
ZZ Top
........
British Stars of the 1960s
,,,,,,,
The Beatles
Gerry & The Pacemakers
Freddie & The Dreamers
Brian Poole & The Tremeloes
Johnny Kidd & The Pirates
The Searchers
The Batchelors
The Rolling Stones
Eric Burdon & The Animals
The Hollies
Marianne Faithful
Lulu & The Luvvers
Sandie Shaw
Dusty Springfield
Kathy Kirby
Cilla Black
The Kinks
The Merseybeats
Manfred Mann
The Migil Five
The Shadows
Tom Jones
Dave Clark Five
The Who
Englebert Humperdinck
The Troggs
Anita Harris
The Bee Gees
The Paper Dolls
The Marmalade
Mary Hopkins (Mod cult)
Mark Bolan
David Bowie
Cream
Deep Purple
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                       ............
Jazz Rock
        ...
USA....: Chicago; Bood Sweat & Tears; Weather Report; The Mahavishnu Orchestra;
..............Chick Corea; Billy Cobham
.....
UK......: Nucleus; Mike Gibb's Jazz Orchestra
...
Europe: PFM (Italian); Terje Rypdal (Swedish)
     .....
Country Rock
       ...
     Eagles; Flying Burrito Brothers; Allman Brothers; Doobie Brothers; Little Feat;
     Lynyrd Skynyrd; Gordon Payne
   ....
Glam Rock
      ...
     Rod Stewart, Slade, Elton John, David Bowie
    ....
Teenybopper Stars
     .....
     David Cassidy, David Essex, Osmonds, Bay City Rollers, Gary Glitter
  .....
Heavy Rock
      ...
     Emerson, Lake & Palmer
     .....
Heavy Metal Rock
      ....
The prototype - Led Zeppelin
......
     The changing face of the legend from the basic Blues approach of Zeppelin 1 & 2
     to "The Runes" album and the track "Stairway to Heaven"
       ......
Heavy Metal Rock
       ....
     Black Sabath; Kiss; Rainbow; Blue Oyster Cult; AC/DC; Saxon; 
     Thin Lizzie; Motorhead; Pat Benatar; Metallica
        ......
Transition to Progressive Rock
   ....
     Genesis; Steve Hackett
     .....
Progressive Rock (Art Rock)
    ...
     (creativity, improvisation, individuality & intellectualism)
     Pink Floyd
      ....
Classical/Symphonic Rock

(musicianship par excellence
and the age of electronic technology - 
the synthesizer, sequencer, string machine, 
melotrone et al.)
    ....
     Deep Purple; Yes Band
......
Classical/Symphonuc Rock
    ...
     Jon Anderson's solo career

     albums in nature of song-cycle: 
     e.g. "Olias of Sunhillow" & "Songs of Seven"
       ......
Symphonic to Impressionism
     ...
     Anderson & Vangelis
    (who can deny that "So long ago, so clear"
     from the album 'Heaven and Hell' is really
     a contemorary Art Song born of the Pop field?)

     Vangelis as an Impressionist (vide "China" album)
     Alice Coltrane (vide "Lord of Lords" album)
    ....
Popular Impressionism
    .....
     Tangerine Dream
     Steve Hillage
     Camel
     Faust

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