Olivier Messiaen

   contains the following styles:-

Romantic
Nationalist
Impressionist
Neo-Romantic
Neo-Impessionist
Modern
Neo-Classical
Twelve Tone
(Diatonic-chromaticism)

COMPOSERS

Holst (English)
Stravinsky (Russian)
Schoenberg (Austrian)
Vaughan Williams (English)
Elgar (English)
Mahler (German)
Faure (French)
Puccini (Italian)
Wolf (German)
Richard Strauss (German)
Reger (German)
Karg Elert (German)
Mascagni (Italian)
Scriabin (Russian)
Rachmaninof (Russian)
Falla (Spanish)
Ravel (French)
Bartok (Hungarian)
Kodaly (Hungarian)
Bax (English)
Webern (German)
Berg (German)
Prokifiev (Russian)
Butterworth (English)
Hindemith (German)
Orff (Hungarian)
Gibbs (English)
Bliss (English)
Howells (Englisj)
Walton (English)
Weill (German)
Sibelius (Finnish)
Messiaen (French)
Shostakovitch (Russian)
Britten (English)
Arnold (English)
Stockhausen (German)
Wills (English)
Leighton (English)
Hoddinott (Welsh)
Mushel (Russian)
Berio (Italian)
Menotti (Italian)
Widor (French)
Vierne (French)
Stanford (Irish)
Sinding (Norwegian)
Charpentier (French)
Mahler (Austrian)
Delius (English)
German (English)
Lehar (Hungarian)
Wolf-Ferrari (Italian)
Ireland (English)
Respighi (Italian)
Bartok (Hungarian)
Andriessen (Dutch)
Mulhaud (French)
Gershwin (American)
Copland (American)
Finzi (English)
Durufle (French)
Dallapiccola (Italian)
Lambert (English)
Tippett (English)
Rota (Italian)
Cage (American)
Bernstein (American)
Szymanowski (Polish)
Demessieux (French)
Ligeti (Hungarian)
Boulez (French)
Mathias (Welsh)
McCabe (English)
Tavener (English)
Hosokawa (Japanese)
Bonaventure (Scottish)

DEVICES

Whole Tone scale
Scala Enigmatica
Gypsy scale (Ciprian scale)
Hungarian Gypsy scale
minor Gypsy scale (double harmonic scale)

altered Phrygian scale (Fraigish scale)
(the above uses 2 key signatures combined)

Shepard scale
(an auditory illusion - appears to rise or
fall continuously when it actually does not.)

Microtonal scales (not widely accepted)
atonality
bitonality
polytonality
heterophony

polyrhythm
(different time signatures for each hand)
[vide the organ works of Karg-Elert]

note clusters
(e.g. chords of piled up 3rds and 4ths)

Twelve Tone system
(Diatonic Chromaticism)
The Tone Row

Move from verticalism to horizontalism
Retrograde Inversion

Introduction of electronic devices:-
(synthesizers, oberheim sequencers,
melotrones, string machines,
computer technology - e.g Boulez)

embedded track: Finale - "Firebird Suite" (Stravinsky)

INDEX